What anatomical location is primarily referenced for DNA extraction in females?

The iliac crest is the primary anatomical location referenced for DNA extraction in females, particularly in forensic contexts. This area is significant because it is the site where bone marrow can be accessed, and bone marrow is rich in cells that contain DNA. In forensic medicine, extracting DNA from bone marrow is often considered when other tissues, such as blood or soft tissues, are unavailable due to decomposition, trauma, or other circumstances.

The iliac crest is a prominent bone that is easily accessible and provides a reliable source of DNA, making it practical for both forensic analysis and medical procedures like bone marrow aspiration. Its accessibility and the quality of the DNA obtained make it a favored location over other bones.

Other options like the sternum, femur, or ribs, while they can also be sources for DNA in certain contexts, are less commonly referenced for this specific purpose in females. The sternum is often used for bone marrow extraction, but in a forensic context, the iliac crest is generally preferred for its ease of access and better representation of the individual's DNA. The femur is a large bone as well, but it is more difficult to access without significant surgical intervention compared to the iliac crest. Ribs, while they provide some cells, do not offer a