What does Carabelli's cusp refer to in dentition?

Carabelli's cusp is specifically identified as a unique additional cusp found on the maxillary first molars. This cusp is not universally present in all individuals, but its occurrence can be influenced by genetic factors and ethnic backgrounds. The prominence of Carabelli's cusp varies significantly among different populations, making its recognition valuable in forensic dentistry for identifying remains and understanding demographic patterns in tooth morphology.

The other options do not accurately describe Carabelli's cusp. While it is associated primarily with molars, the term refers specifically to those on the maxillary first molars, distinguishing it from molars in general or suggesting it appears in all ethnicities. Carabelli's cusp does not pertain to primary dentition, as it is more frequently discussed in the context of permanent teeth. Additionally, it is not exclusive to males, as both genders can exhibit this anatomical feature, making it a characteristic that spans across all human populations rather than being a dental anomaly restricted by sex.